Choyamba, surfactant
Magulu atatu otsatirawa a surfactants amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
1. Anionic surfactant
1) Sodium alkili Benzene sulfonate (LAS)
Mawonekedwe: Kuwonongeka kwabwino kwa LAS yofananira;
Ntchito: Ntchito monga pophika chachikulu cha kutsuka ufa.
2) Mafuta a mowa polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES)
Zomwe zimasungunuka m'madzi, zowonongeka bwino komanso zotulutsa thovu, kuphatikizapo LAS decontamination ndi mphamvu.
Ntchito: Main chigawo cha shampu, kusamba madzi, cutlery LS.
3) Secondary alkane sulfonate (SAS)
Mawonekedwe: kutulutsa thovu ndi kutsuka kofanana ndi LAS, kusungunuka kwamadzi bwino.
Ntchito: Mu mankhwala amadzimadzi okha, monga zotsukira mbale zamadzimadzi m'nyumba.
4) Fatty alcohol sulfate (FAS)
Features: Good kukana madzi molimba, koma osauka hydrolysis kukana;
Ntchito: makamaka ntchito pokonzekera zotsukira madzi, zotsukira tableware, shampu zosiyanasiyana, mankhwala otsukira mano, nsalu wetting ndi wothandizila kuyeretsa ndi emulsifying polymerization mu makampani mankhwala. Powdery FAS ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera ufa woyeretsera ufa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
5) α -olefin sulfonate (AOS)
Mawonekedwe: Magwiridwe ofanana ndi LAS. Simakwiyitsa kwambiri khungu ndipo amawononga mofulumira.
Ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonzekera zotsukira zamadzimadzi ndi zodzoladzola.
6) Mafuta acid methyl ester sulfonate (MES)
Makhalidwe: ntchito yabwino yapamtunda, kupezeka kwa sopo wa calcium, kuchapa ndi kutsuka, kusungunuka bwino, kawopsedwe kakang'ono, koma kusamva bwino kwa alkaline.
Ntchito: makamaka ntchito ngati calcium sopo dispersant kwa chipika sopo ndi sopo ufa.
7) Mafuta a mowa polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC)
Mawonekedwe: kusungunuka kwamadzi, kukana madzi olimba, kupezeka kwa sopo wa calcium, kunyowa, kutulutsa thovu, kuwononga, kupsa mtima pang'ono, kufatsa pakhungu ndi maso;
Ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu ma shampoos osiyanasiyana, malo osambira a thovu ndi zinthu zodzitetezera.
8) Acylsarcosine mchere (mankhwala)
Mawonekedwe: kusungunuka m'madzi, kutulutsa thovu labwino komanso kutsekemera, kugonjetsedwa ndi madzi olimba, ofatsa ku khungu;
Ntchito: ntchito yokonza mankhwala otsukira mano, shampu, kusamba madzi ndi mankhwala ena munthu chisamaliro, kuwala sikeloDetergent LS,Magalasi Chotsukira, Chotsukira pamphasa ndi Chotsukira nsalu zabwino kwambiri.
9) Oleyl polypeptide (Remibang A)
Makhalidwe: sopo wa calcium ali ndi mphamvu yabwino yobalalitsira, yokhazikika m'madzi olimba ndi yankho la alkaline, yankho la acidic ndi losavuta kuwola, losavuta kuyamwa chinyezi, mphamvu yowonongeka yofooka, kupsa mtima pang'ono pakhungu;
Ntchito: amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mafakitale osiyanasiyanaDetergent LS.
Wochapa zovala _ wotsukira
2. Ma surfactants omwe si a ionic
1) Mafuta a mowa polyoxyethylene ether (AEO)
Mawonekedwe: Kukhazikika kwapamwamba, kusungunuka kwamadzi bwino, kukana kwa electrolyte, kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kosavuta, thovu laling'ono, losakhudzidwa ndi madzi olimba, kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kuchapa, kuyanjana kwabwino ndi zinthu zina zowonjezera;
Ntchito: Yoyenera kuphatikiza chotsukira chotsitsa chithovu chochepa.
2) Alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (APE)
Features: solubilizing, kukana madzi molimba, descaling, zotsatira zabwino kutsuka.
Ntchito: ntchito yokonza zosiyanasiyana madzi ndi ufa chotsukira.
3) Mafuta a alkanolamide
Mawonekedwe: kukana kwamphamvu kwa hydrolytic, kutulutsa thovu mwamphamvu komanso kukhazikika, mphamvu yabwino yotsuka, mphamvu yothirira, kunyowetsa, antistatic, kufewa komanso kukhuthala.
Ntchito: ntchito yokonza shampu, kusamba madzi, m'nyumba madzi detergent, mafakitale detergent, dzimbiri choletsa, nsalu zothandizira, etc.
4) Alkyl glycosides (APG)
Mawonekedwe: kupsinjika pang'ono pamwamba, kuwonongeka kwabwino, kutengera bwino, synergistic, thovu labwino, kusungunuka kwabwino, alkali ndi kukana kwa electrolyte, kulimba kwabwino, kugwirizana bwino ndi khungu, kuwongolera kwambiri mawonekedwe ofatsa, osakhala ndi poizoni, osakwiyitsa, kusungunuka mosavuta. .
Ntchito: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira zazikulu zamakampani opanga mankhwala tsiku lililonse monga shampu, gel osamba, zotsukira kumaso, zotsukira zovala, madzi ochapira m'manja, madzi ochapira mbale, masamba ndi zipatso zotsukira. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu sopo ufa, phosphorous - free detergent, phosphorous - free detergent ndi zotsukira zina zopangira.
5) Mafuta a methyl ester ethoxylation mankhwala (MEE)
Zofunika: mtengo wotsika, kusungunuka kwamadzi mwachangu, thovu lochepa, kupsa mtima pang'ono pakhungu, kawopsedwe kakang'ono, kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kwachilengedwe, kusaipitsa.
Ntchito: ntchito pokonza zotsukira madzi, zotsukira zolimba pamwamba, zotsukira munthu, etc.
6) Tiyi saponin
Mawonekedwe: kuthekera kowononga mphamvu, anti-inflammatory analgesia, biodegradation yabwino, palibe kuipitsa.
Ntchito: ntchito yokonza zotsukira ndi shampu
7) Kutaya sorbitol fatty acid ester (Span) kapena kutaya sorbitol polyoxyethylene ester ester (Pakati):
Zowoneka: zopanda poizoni, zosakwiya pang'ono.
Ntchito: Ntchito pokonza zotsukira
8) Oxide tertiary amines (OA, OB)
Mawonekedwe: Kutha kwa thovu labwino, kukhazikika kwa thovu, kutsimikizira kwa bakiteriya ndi mildew, kupsa mtima pang'ono pakhungu, kutsukira kwanthawi zonse, kuphatikiza bwino komanso kulumikizana.
Ntchito: imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zotsukira zamadzimadzi monga shampu, madzi osambira ndi zotsukira pa tableware.
3. Amphoteric surfactant
1) Imidazoline amphoteric surfactant:
Mawonekedwe: mphamvu yabwino yochapira, kukana kwa electrolyte, kukhazikika kwa acid-base, antistatic ndi kufewa, magwiridwe antchito ofatsa, opanda poizoni, kukwiya pang'ono pakhungu.
Ntchito: ntchito yokonza zotsukira zovala, shampu, madzi osamba, etc.
2) Kutsegula kwa mphete imidazoline amphoteric surfactant:
Mawonekedwe: ofatsa, okwera matuza.
Ntchito: amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zinthu zosamalira anthu, zotsukira m'nyumba, ndi zina.
Awiri, kutsuka zowonjezera
1. Udindo wa zotsukira zowonjezera
Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zapamwamba; Kufewetsa madzi olimba; Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya thovu; Kuchepetsa kukwiya kwa khungu; Sinthani mawonekedwe azinthu.
Zothandizira zotsuka zimagawidwa m'magulu othandizira komanso organic.
2. Zowonjezera zowonjezera
1) Phosphate
Ma phosphates omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4), sodium tripolyphosphate (Na5P3O10), ndi tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (K4P2O7).
Udindo waukulu wa sodium tripolyphosphate: ao, kuti madzi olimba mu madzi ofewa; Itha kumwaza, emulsify ndi kusungunula tinthu tating'onoting'ono kapena madontho amafuta. Sungani njira yamadzimadzi kuti ikhale yofooka yamchere (pH 9.7); Kuchapa ufa sikophweka kuyamwa chinyezi ndi agglomerate.
2) Sodium silicate
Zomwe zimadziwika kuti: sodium silicate kapena paohua alkali;
Mapangidwe a maselo: Na2O · nSiO2 · xH2O;
Mlingo: kawirikawiri 5% ~ 10%.
Waukulu ntchito ya sodium silicate: dzimbiri kukana zitsulo pamwamba; Itha kuteteza dothi kuyika pa nsalu;Detergent LS
Wonjezerani mphamvu ya kutsuka ufa particles kupewa caking.
3) sodium sulphate
Komanso amadziwika kuti Mirabilite (Na2SO4)
Maonekedwe: kristalo woyera kapena ufa;
Udindo waukulu wa sodium sulphate: filler, zili kutsuka ufa ndi 20% ~ 45%, akhoza kuchepetsa mtengo kutsuka ufa; Ndizothandiza kumamatira a surfactant pa nsalu pamwamba; Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa surfactant kwa micelle.
4) Sodium carbonate
Zomwe zimadziwika kuti: soda kapena soda, Na2CO3;
Maonekedwe: ufa woyera kapena tinthu tating'ono ta kristalo
Ubwino: akhoza kupanga dothi saponification, ndi kusunga pH mtengo wa mankhwala detergent, kuthandiza decontaminate, ali ndi zotsatira za kufewetsa madzi;
Zoipa: zamchere zamphamvu, koma zolimba pakuchotsa mafuta;
Cholinga: ufa wochapira wochepa.
5) zeolite
Amatchedwanso molecular sieve, ndi crystalline silicon aluminiyamu mchere, ndi Ca2 + kuwombola mphamvu ndi wamphamvu, ndi sodium tripolyphosphate nawo, akhoza kusintha zotsatira kutsuka.
6) Bleach
Makamaka hypochlorite ndi peroxate magulu awiri, kuphatikizapo: sodium hypochlorite, sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate ndi zina zotero.
Ntchito: Bleaching ndi mankhwala decontamination.
Nthawi zambiri popanga zotsukira powdery pambuyo pa batching, kuchuluka kwa ufa nthawi zambiri kumakhala 10% ~ 30% yamtunduwo.
7) alkali
2. organic zowonjezera
1) Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (anti-deposition agent)
Maonekedwe: woyera kapena wamkaka woyera fibrous ufa kapena particles, zosavuta kumwazikana m'madzi mu mandala gelatin njira.
CMC ntchito: ili ndi ntchito ya thickening, kubalalitsa, emulsifying, suspending, stabilizing thovu ndi kunyamula dothi.
2) Fluorescent whitening agent (FB)
Zinthu zopaka utoto zimakhala ndi zonyezimira zomwe zimafanana ndi fluorite, kotero kuti zinthu zomwe zimawonedwa ndi maso zimakhala zoyera kwambiri, zowoneka bwino, zimawonjezera kukongola. Mlingo ndi 0.1% ~ 0.3%.
3) enzyme
Ma enzymes otsukira malonda ndi: proteinase, amylase, lipase, cellulase.
4) Foam stabilizer ndi foam regulator
Chotsukira thovu chachikulu: foam stabilizer
Lauryl diethanolamine ndi kokonati mafuta diethanolamine.
Chotsukira thovu chochepa: chowongolera thovu
Dodecanoic acid sopo kapena siloxane
5) kwenikweni
Mafuta onunkhira amapangidwa ndi zonunkhiritsa zosiyanasiyana ndipo amagwirizana bwino ndi zida zotsukira. Ndiokhazikika mu pH9 ~ 11. Ubwino wa zinthu zomwe zimawonjezeredwa ku zotsukira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakwana 1%.
6) co-solvent
Ethanol, urea, polyethylene glycol, toluene sulfonate, etc.
Chilichonse chomwe chingathe kufooketsa mgwirizano wa solute ndi zosungunulira, kuonjezera kukopa kwa solute ndi zosungunulira ndipo sikuvulaza ntchito yochapa komanso yotsika mtengo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati co-solvent.
7) zosungunulira
(1) Mafuta a paini: kutsekereza
Mowa, ethers ndi lipids: kuphatikiza madzi ndi zosungunulira
Chlorinated zosungunulira: poizoni, ntchito zotsukira wapadera, youma kuyeretsa wothandizira.
8) Bacteriostatic wothandizira
Bacteriostatic wothandizila zambiri anawonjezera khalidwe la zikwi zingapo, monga: tribromosalicylate aniline, trichloroacyl aniline kapena hexachlorobenzene, alibe antibacterial kwenikweni, koma zikwi zingapo za kachigawo misa angalepheretse kuberekana kwa mabakiteriya.
9) Antistatic wothandizira ndi chofewetsa nsalu
Ndi zofewa ndi antistatic cationic surfactants: dimethyl ammonium kolorayidi dimethyl octyl ammonium bromide distearate, mkulu carbon alkyl pyridine mchere, mkulu carbon alkyl imidazoline mchere;
Ndi zofewa zofewa zosakhala ndi ionic: ma ether apamwamba a carbon polyoxyethylene ethers ndi amine oxide okhala ndi unyolo wautali wa kaboni.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-20-2022